other location has the support of the early fathers. But just because John wrote his gospel in Ephesus does not mean that he wrote it to a church (or communities of believers) in Ephesus, or, even if this was his primary audience, that he wrote his gospel exclusively to the Ephesian churches. We will explore this issue more fully below in our discussion of the gospel’s audience. It seems likely this gospel was written after the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem. As will be argued in greater